Zoox

In December 2025, Zoox issued a voluntary recall of 332 vehicles after its autonomous driving system caused robotaxis to cross center lane lines near intersections or block crosswalks. The issue was first identified on August 26, 2025 when a robotaxi made a wide right turn into the opposing travel lane. Zoox monitored data and identified 62 such lane-crossing instances between August and December 2025. This was Zoox's third recall in eight months.

In May 2024, NHTSA launched an investigation into Zoox after two Toyota Highlanders equipped with Zoox autonomous technology braked unexpectedly, causing motorcyclists to rear-end the vehicles. Both vehicles were in autonomous mode. Minor injuries were reported. Zoox issued a voluntary recall of 258 vehicles in March 2025, deploying software updates to address sudden braking near bicyclists at crosswalks and misjudging approach of vulnerable road users from the rear. NHTSA later closed the probe.